![]() Please look at the respective articles for the direct references to ensure they are the most current, accurate, and provide the proper source references. The clock is ticking.ĭisclaimer: Since I am using Wikipedia references below, this answer itself should not be used as a separate source for a any wiki article. WRC 2023 conference will decide whether leap seconds should continue to be used for another 8 years or die. We use UTC for this purpose $^$: The use of UTC instead of TAI, while usually presented like I did as a need to keep in sync with Sun, is actually based on an imbroglio mixing legal reasons and administration poor understanding of the huge risks and difficulties created by leap seconds for a little practical benefit. So the scale for legal time has to be flexible, unlike TAI. on February 19, to really happen each year at the same legal time. As humans, we expect noon of some day (Sun at its zenith), e.g. While the TAI scale is invariant, the year duration varies, mostly due to Earth decreasing rotation rate under the braking effect of tides. ![]() End of 2021 the relationship is this one: In addition GPS time and UTC were equal on January 6 1980. ![]() GPS time unit and UTC time unit are the TAI second. She grew up in suburban Chicago, Illinois.Both GPS time and UTC are derived from the atomic time TAI, a reference used to define the time unit in SI, kept by 400 atomic clocks in the world. Lynn sharpened her business writing skills at the University of Notre Dame, where she earned a master's degree in communication, and at Bradley University, with a bachelor's degree in English. She has created a communications course, Business Writing That Builds Relationships, and provides the curriculum at no cost to college instructors.Ī recognized expert in business writing etiquette, Lynn has been quoted in "The Wall Street Journal," "The Atlantic," "Vanity Fair," and other media. Near her home in Seattle, Washington, she has taught managerial communications in the MBA programs of the University of Washington and UW Bothell. In her corporate training career of more than 20 years, she has worked with executives, engineers, scientists, sales staff, and many other professionals, helping them get their messages across with clarity and tact.Ī gifted teacher, Lynn has led writing classes at more than 100 companies and organizations such as MasterCard, Microsoft, Boeing, Nintendo, REI, AARP, Ledcor, and Kaiser Permanente. Lynn Gaertner-Johnston has helped thousands of employees and managers improve their business writing skills and confidence through her company, Syntax Training. My personal rule is this: Communicate first for your primary audience, and add information for your readers around the globe. (This time zone is 7 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time.)ĭo these rules sound confusing? Communicating about time has become more challenging as the world has grown smaller. For an international time zone that does not have a name, use an expression like this: UTC+7.Coordinated Universal Time is abbreviated UTC- not CUT. ![]() Do not abbreviate the names of time zones (PT, ET) unless space limitations require you to do so.It is not affected by Daylight Saving Time. Coordinated Universal Time is 5 hours later than North America’s Eastern Standard Time. If your readers may not recognize Coordinated Universal Time, which is the new accepted name for Greenwich Mean Time, you may include Greenwich Mean Time in parentheses after Coordinated Universal Time. If you are writing for an international audience, give Coordinated Universal Time. Along with the time, provide the time zone, such as Eastern Time or Pacific Time for a North American audience.For noon, use 12:00 for midnight, use 00:00 or simply midnight. When you are writing for a global audience, avoid using a.m.Here are rules based on that reference manual: But now we write for the globe, and it is essential to write about time in a way that our global readers will understand.īecause Microsoft communicates successfully around the globe, I checked the Microsoft Manual of Style for Technical Publications for ideas on writing about time. These questions rarely came up a few years ago. or a.m.? PM or pm? 24-hour clock? 12-hour clock? Mention time zones or leave them out? Refer to GMT (Greenwich Mean Time)? In a recent Keys to Error-Free Writing class, participants wanted to know how to render clock time.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |